Rules & standards: Standard dimensions of spur gear casting ladles, steel plate and lining thickness. Rules for the use of casting ladles.
Outline Size of Spur Gear Foundry Ladle
Casting ladle standard: In 1991, Jinan Foundry and Forging Research Institute, he formulated standard about the size of the outer shape of the cast ladle. He is based on international principles: its ladle is equal in diameter and height, so the surface area is small and the insulation effect is good. Spur gear casting ladle, which fully implements the above criteria.
The spheroidal graphite cast steel ladle, Jinan Research Institute also approved new drawings. Domestic and foreign scholars have studied the ductile iron ladle and found that when the ratio of the liquid surface diameter to the height of the molten iron is about 1:1.2, the minimum spheroidizing agent can obtain the maximum spheroidization effect. According to this theory, spur gear casting ladle draws new drawings. The size of ductile iron ladle is not announced here.
JB/T5771-91 Standard: Outer shape size of ladle unmarked unit: mm
In 1991, the Ministry of Machinery developed the outer shape size standard for ladles of less than 20 tons. In 2010, China added some specifications, the following are steel plates and linings of less than 20t ladle; blue is the new specification.
These standards are all formulate by the Jinan Foundry and Forging Research Institute. This institute edits [China Foundry Machinery & Technology] magazine. He can publish, this is the recognition of the advancement and feasibility of spur gear casting ladle.
Refer to JB/T5771-91 & GB/T 25714.1-2010 Standard: Cast ladle's iron plate and lining unmarked unit: mm
Rules for Use of Worm Wheel Foundry Ladle
1. Before the ladle is used, the factory safety and equipment supervisors, they are to the users and managers; referring to the instructions, conduct training on Operational Maintenance and Safety Risk.
2. Operators should wear labor protection supplies. Prevent splashing of casting liquid, burning of heat radiation, inhalation of harmful gas and smoke, and scratching and bruising of mechanical components.
3. The safety card must be closed during the lifting and transport of the ladle. The ladle safety card must be open when casting. Do not operate the handwheel with the safety card closed.
4. The crane that operates the ladle should comply with the relevant safety regulations. When lifting the ladle, keep a safe distance from the personnel and set a warning sign. When lifting and placing the ladle, do not suddenly accelerate or rise or fall, avoid the danger of damage to the crane and the drop of the ladle.
5. In the ladle overhaul or build refractory material, if you need to adjust the hanger, please put the ladle on the ground and open the safety card; Use the crane to hook the rings, turn the hand-wheel to slowly lower or raise the gantry.
Safety Tip: If you turn the hand-wheel directly and lower or raise the gantry, it will cause damage to the transmission mechanism or the ladle will tip over.
6. Ladle hangers, rings, booms, when they appear loose displacement, crack damage or hot metal erosion, must be discontinued; repair or replace in time to avoid accidents.
7. Transmission mechanism box, transmission mechanism card and safety card, when they are loose, cracked or molten, they must be stopped immediately; repair or replace them in time to avoid metal liquid dumping.
8. The ladle mainly relies on the worm wheel to achieve self-locking. If the worm wheel or the worm is damaged for a long time, the gap will increase, the ladle will “collide”, and the molten iron will splash; it may also cause the worm wheel to not self-lock, and the molten iron will dump.
Safety Tip: Users should pay attention to the wear of the worm gear and the worm. When the wear gap is too large, please replace the worm gear and worm gear in time to prevent accidents.
9. Gears, worm gears, worms, sprockets and bearings in the transmission mechanism, they should be well lubricated and moderately worn. Prevent excessive wear and tear due to transmission parts (especially worm gears/worms), causing the ladle to “collide” and not self-locking.
10. The transmission mechanism should be regularly checked and maintained. Add calcium-based grease once a month (Northern winter, preferably graphite-based grease); turn on the transmission mechanism every three months, thoroughly clean the debris in the reduction box, and then top up with grease (Note: If the speed reduction mechanism is damaged due to lack of grease, our company will not warranty).
11. If you need to open the box to repair the transmission mechanism, you must first lock the safety card; otherwise, when the transmission mechanism is turned on, the gantry will suddenly fall down, causing a bruise.
12. Prevent ladle collisions during transport, especially the body, hand-wheel and transmission. When a collision occurs, the hand-wheel and the transmission mechanism are damaged; when the body is collided, the molten iron "dumps" and hurts people.
13. It is forbidden to change the structure of the ladle; it is forbidden to change the part that bears the load; it is forbidden to change the height of the package (the user changes the ladle to cause loss, my company is not responsible).
14. When the ladle is installed, repaired, commissioned and used normally, bystanders are strictly prohibited from watching.
15. In daily use, maintain the refractory of the ladle, prevent improper operation. When the refractory material breaks, the molten iron will break through the ladle, and an accident will occur.
16. Drop the ladle from high altitude, it remove the refractory material of the enclosure, which will cause damage to the transmission mechanism. When cleaning the lining, be careful of the steel slag above, causing stab wounds or cuts; and the lining is detached, causing bruises.
17. When the ladle is landing, the hanger must be kept vertical, otherwise the transmission mechanism will be damaged.
18. Users should always check the weld seam of the package, especially the bottom of the package and the shaft seat; check the transmission mechanism, especially the card of the transmission; whether the hanger (boom, lifting ring and beam) has cracks and damage; If cracks or damage are found, stop using them immediately and avoid accidents.
19. The user should regularly perform non-destructive testing on the drive shaft to confirm that it has no safety hazards. The drive shaft and the body should not rotate relative to each other; if there is rotation, it must be stopped, otherwise the risk of overturning of the body may occur.
20. Steel and iron dual-use ladle, its plug and sleeve bricks should be sealed and reliable. After the outlet of steel water is closed, the molten steel should not be leaked.
21. Do not pour metal liquids or residues onto wet or water storage ground to prevent explosion.
22. Please comply with national and local laws and regulations, and safety production systems.
Supplementary Rulesfor Operation for Spur Gear Foundry Ladle
For users of cast ladle, you should have seen and familiarized with the rules for the use of worm gear ladle, and strictly enforce it; here is only the rules for the use of spur gear ladle, and make some necessary supplements.
1. When the ladle is added with a lining, on the ground, the hook should hang the sling of the ladle, operate the hand wheel, and rotate the pylon.
2. Please pay attention to the operation: when the empty ladle and torque are small, the self-locking force is small; then the hand should not leave the hand-wheel operating position. When empty the ladle, leave the hand wheel, pull the ladle or the boom, destroy the self-locking and easily cause an accident; when the torque is low, the molten iron is poured. Although it is self-locking, the hand should not leave the hand-wheel. You should concentrate on your work to prevent accidents.
3. General operating worker, facing the reducer, pour iron water counterclockwise to the left; try not to operate with a left hand, don't dump to the right. Small spur gear ladle, dumping to the right is not self-locking; large and medium gear ladles, it is more reasonable to turn counterclockwise to the left.
4. When the self-locking failure is found, disassemble the ratchet cover to see if the friction plate is complete, and pawl and spring is the rotation flexible? the hand chain hoist parts are rarely damaged, and the standard parts can be purchased. If there is a gap, it should be adjusted in time.
5. According to the thickness standard of cast ladle lining, refractory material is added and the quality of refractory material is guaranteed. The beams on the hangers can be covered with asbestos sheets. The shaft cover of the ladle shaft, the safety card at the boom, and the drive card at the reducer should be kept intact.
6. Three bearings under the boom, use high temperature grease resistant to 250 ° C; when the ladle is often used, please fill it once every three months.
7. The gearbox is filled with high temperature resistant gear oil, the bearings at both ends are added with 120°C grease and filled once every six months.
Structure Type of Foundry Ladle
1. Ordinary cast iron ladle. It is safe and easy to dump, and is a structural feature of the NLG type ladle. The center of gravity of the ladle axis and the molten iron move in a calculus balance. The rotating shaft is attached with a dust cover to prevent damage from splashing with molten iron; gear damage caused by thermal expansion of ladle and hanger can be avoided. The gearbox adopts a fully sealed structure, and the bearing is used in the rotating part, and the turning is light and convenient. The worm gear uses ductile iron or bronze, and other gears are quenched at high frequency.
2. Characteristics of cast steel ladle: This ladle adopts a method of opening the plug and discharging molten steel from the bottom to cast the cast steel. When removing the slag from the ladle and repairing the lining, a gear tilt ladle can be used. The plug device is sleeve-type and fully enclosed, so it is not subject to wear such as steel balls; the fine adjustment of the front, rear, left and right is simple, and two sets of plugging structures can be installed.
3. Characteristics of the ductile iron ladle: This ladle is specially designed for ladle for hot metal spheroidizing. The ratio of [diameter to height] of molten iron in the ladle is about 1:1.2; the maximum spheroidization result can be obtained with a minimum of spheroidizing agent. Since the depth of the ladle is suitable, the molten iron does not escape when the spheroidizing agent is injected into the molten iron. The ladle shaft is attached with a dust cover to prevent splashing of molten iron and adhesion of dust.
4. Features with bracket ladle: the small ladle, mounted on a fixed table stand, manually dump the ladle, the ladle to be poured.
5. Features of teapot type ladle: The ladle is dumped with gears, the molten iron is discharged from the lower part of the ladle, and then rises and flows out through the teapot mouth, which completely separates the slag. The teapot mouth is split-type, easy to handle and easy to repair.
6. Characteristics of the insulation ladle: The body of the ladle is still a cylinder, and it is equipped with a sliding cover for the insulation of the molten iron. The sprue can also be made into a teapot type, which separates the slag and is suitable for pouring small castings.
The ladle for casting ladle is guaranteed for one year, its reducer is guaranteed for three years. Damage caused by customer reasons, no warranty.